一、限制性定语从句 1. 前置法 译成带“的”的定语词组,放在被修饰词之前,变为单句: The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。 2. 后置法 如果从句结构复杂,译成汉语前置定语显得太长而不符合汉语表达习惯时,往往译成后置的并列分句。 1) 译成并列分句,重复英语先行词: They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力,这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的,在过去,许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。 2)译成并列句,省略英语先行词: It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle. 是他接到那封信,说你的叔叔去世了。 3、溶合法 1)溶合法是指把原句中的主语和定语从句溶合到一起译成一个独立的句子的翻译方法。它较适用于翻译限制性定语从句,如“There be…”结构形式; There are many people who want to see film. 许多人要看这部电影。 There is a man downstairs who wants to see you . 楼下有人要见你。 在定语复合句中,将英语主句压缩成汉语词组做主语,而把定语从句译成谓语,溶合成一个句子: This is a nation that must beg to stay alive. 这个国家不讨饭就活不下去。