2011年在职硕士联考英语冲刺阅读精篇（八）

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2011:07:06 04:36:50
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

　　Writers who are conscientious but inexperienced often write with a great deal of self-conscious effort. Worrying constantly, they inch ahead word by word. When they have finally reached the end of the piece, they breathe a sign of relief. They have done their best. They are off the hook.

　　Before they start to write, experienced writers generally think very hard about their audience and their purpose. They devote time to sketching out the structure of the piece and perhaps to obsessing a bit about their first few sentences. But once over these hurdles, these writers do not fastidiously (挑剔的) choose their words like cherries from a tree. Rather, they let them fall upon the page as if their order were predestined. Such writers know well enough that nothing about this first rush of words has any relationship to destiny. Even though it frequently contains much worth retaining, this spontaneous outpouring represents only one of many possibilities for expressing the same thoughts.

　　Most writers want and need the luxury of shaking the tree and letting the fruit fall as it will. If we free our inner voice, it speaks to us rapidly and distinctly. By recording the words we hear, we quickly give form and substance to our thoughts. Half-formed ideas drifting through a writers mind are, of course, nearly impossible to evaluate or revise. And frequently they are lost before we even have the opportunity to try. But an idea that has been made tangible and visible can be clarified and refined at will. And writers must revise. The more knowledgeable and particular the writer, the more complex or sensitive the purpose, the more time the revision may take, and the better the result is likely to be.

　　Your "gut" reaction to your first draft can provide some insights, but it will only carry you a short distance. To strengthen your phrasing and sentence structure, you again need to know precisely what you are trying to do and how you are going to do it. As with word choice, revising word order with confidence requires some real knowledge of specific rules and techniques. Although this knowledge permeates (渗入) even your first drafts, you appreciate it the most when you revise. It helps you to spot weaknesses immediately and to know exactly what remedies to apply.

　　1. All of the following are characteristics of conscientious but inexperienced writers