2009年12月英语四级阅读考试训练(三九)英语四级考试

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2010:01:04 18:05:14
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

　　“Tear‘em apart!” “Kill the fool!” “ Murder the referee ( 裁判)!”
　　These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events. At the time they are made, they may seem innocent enough. But let’s not kid ourselves. They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed. Volumes have been written about the way words affect us .It has been shown that words having certain connotations (含义) may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior . I see the term “opponent “ as one of those words . Perhaps the time has come to 0delete it from sports terms.
　　The dictionary meaning of the term “opponent “is “adversary “:“enemy “. “one who opposes your interests.” “Thus, when a player meets an opponent, he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy. At such times, winning may dominate one’s intellect, and every action, no matter how gross, may be considered justifiable. I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player’s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not considered then wet enough. The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed. “Are they wet enough now?”采集者退散
　　In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way. I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent’s international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play. Off the court, they are good friends. Does that make any sense? It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which departs from normal behavior.
　　Therefore, I believe it is time we elevated(提升)the game to the level where it belongs thereby setting an example to the rest of the sporting world . Replacing the term “opponent “with “associate” could be an ideal way to start.
　　The dictionary meaning of the term “associate “ is “colleague” . “friend” . “companion.” Reflect a moment! You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term “associate” rather than “opponent.”
　　1. Which of the following statements best expresses the author’s view?
　　A) Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequences
　　B) The words people use can influence their behavior
　　C) Unpleasant words in sports are often used by foreign athletes
　　D) Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field
　　2. Harsh words are spoken during games because the players _______
　　A) are too eager to win采集者退散
　　B) are usually short-tempered and easily offended
　　C) cannot afford to be polite in fierce competition
　　D) treat their rivals as enemies
　　3. What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?
　　A) He refused to continue the game
　　B) He angrily hit the referee with a ball
　　C) He claimed that the referee was unfair
　　D) He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt
　　4. According to the passage, players, in a game , may _______
　　A) deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way
　　B) keep on screaming and shouting throughout the game
　　C) lie down on the ground as an act of protest
　　D) kick the ball across the court with force
　　5. The author hopes to have the current situation in sports improved by ______
　　A) calling on players to use clean language on the court
　　B) raising the referee’s sense of responsibility
　　C) changing the attitude of players on the sports field
　　D) regulating the relationship between players and referees
　　[解析]
　　这是一篇关于竞技比赛与体育道德的议论文。文章对体育竞赛中的种种问题提出了作者的看法。文中指出，体育竞争的对手不是敌人。要改善当前运动场上的不良状况，必须改变运动场上选手之间的敌对状态，将对手视为伙伴。
　　1. 推论题，B：人们使用的词汇能影响他们的行为。
　　哪一种说法最能表达作者的观点呢?参见原文第2段：words having certain connotations may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior。(一些具有特殊含义的词可能会使我们做出与人文精神相异的行为，即使人文精神通常贯彻于我们日常行为中。)
　　其他选项：A，体育运动中的积极的行为可能会有严重的后果.C，体育运动中的不愉快的词语经常被外国的运动员使用.D，裁判员的不公正裁判将会导致在体育场上的暴力。
　　2. 细节题，D：(运动员说粗话的原因是他们)把自己的对手当作敌人对待。
　　参见原文第3段第2句：Thus, when a player meets an opponent, he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy。
　　其他选项：A，太渴望取得胜利.B，通常脾气火爆，容易被冒犯.C，不能在激烈竞争中礼貌待人。
　　3. 细节题，D：他将手套在湿运动衫上擦湿。
　　参见原文第3段：首球运动员请求暂停(a time out)换手套，裁判员认为手套不太湿，不同意暂停。于是运动员于裁判斗气，故意将手套在湿运动衫撒谎那个擦一通，将手套弄湿。参见本段最后一句：The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed. “Are they wet enough now?”
　　其他选项的意思是：A，他拒绝继续比赛.B，他愤怒地用球击裁判员.C，他声称裁判不公正。
　　4. 细节题，A:将球砸向任何故意犯规阻挡他们的人。
　　参见原文第4段第2句：I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent’s international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play。
　　其他选项：B，在整个比赛中继续尖声喊叫和呼喊.C，躺在地上以表示抗议.D，用力将球踢出球场。
　　5. 主旨题，C：改变运动场上选手的(敌对)态度。
　　文章第5段谈判，要改善当前运动场上的不良状况，必须改变运动场上选手的敌对态度，将对手视为伙伴(Replacing the term “opponent “with “associate” could be an ideal way to start.)
　　其他选项：A，呼吁运动员在球场上使用文明语言.B，提高裁判员的责任感.D，调整运动员和裁判员之间的关系。