PL/SQL 3.3以上的版本中,UTL_FILE包允许用户通过PL/SQL读写操作系统文件。如下: declare file_handle UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE. begin file_handle := UTL_FILE.FOPEN(’TMP’, ’文件名’, ’w’,[1-32767]). --四个参数:目录,文件名,打开方式,最大行数(默认为2000) UTL_FILE.PUTF(file_handle, ’写入的信息\n’). UTL_FILE.FCLOSE(file_handle). exception WHEN utl_file.invalid_path THEN raise_application_error(-20000, ’ERROR: Invalid path for file or path not in INIT.ORA.’). end. PutF()过程用来以指定格式把文本写入一个文件 Put_Line()过程把一个指定的字符串写入文件并在文件中开始新的一行 9i中函数说明: UTL_FILE.FOPEN ( location IN VARCHAR2, filename IN VARCHAR2, open_mode IN VARCHAR2, max_linesize IN BINARY_INTEGER) RETURN file_type. Parameters Description location (IN) The directory location of the source file, a DIRECTORY_NAME from the ALL_DIRECTORIES view (case sensitive) filename File name, including extension (file type), without directory path. In Unix,the filename cannot end with /.
一个使用文件的测试 1、用sys用户登录到数据库(ora9i):conn sys/orcl@eai01 as sysdba 2、在sqlplus中运行create or replace directory TMP as ’d:\testtmp’. 在sqlplus中运行grant read on directory TMP to public 3、在scott用户下建立存储过程如:pReadFileTest CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE pReadFileTest (FPATH IN STRING,FNAME IN STRING,MAX_NUM IN NUMBER) IS FILE_HANDLE UTL_FILE.FILE_TYPE. TEXT_BUFFER STRING(1000). LINE_NUM NUMBER. BEGIN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’INPUT PATH=’||FPATH). DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’INPUT FILENAME=’||FNAME). LINE_NUM :=0. BEGIN FILE_HANDLE := UTL_FILE.FOPEN(FPATH,FNAME,’R’,MAX_NUM). LOOP LINE_NUM:= LINE_NUM 1. UTL_FILE.GET_LINE(FILE_HANDLE,TEXT_BUFFER). DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’LINE’||LINE_NUM||’ : ’||TEXT_BUFFER). END LOOP. EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN RETURN. WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_PATH THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’INVALID PATH’). WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_MODE THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’INVALID MODE’). WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_FILEHANDLE THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’INVALID FILEHANDLE’). WHEN UTL_FILE.INVALID_OPERATION THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’INVALID OPERATION’). WHEN UTL_FILE.READ_ERROR THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’READ ERROR’). WHEN UTL_FILE.WRITE_ERROR THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’WRITE ERROR’). WHEN UTL_FILE.INTERNAL_ERROR THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’INTERNAL ERROR’). WHEN OTHERS THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM). END. EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(’OTHER ERROR=’||SQLERRM). END pReadFileTest. 4、在sqlplus中运行set serveroutput on 5、exec pReadFileTest(’TMP’,’A.TXT’,’R’) 6、正常输出 小结:在9i中可以不在init.ora中增加utl_file_dir目录,而是在sys用户下创建一个directory目录(实际上是在sys用户下的dir$表中增加一个对应的OS_PATH),然后将对该directory对象的读/写操作的权限grant给public。