Paper One 试卷一 (90 minutes)
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes, 15 points) （略）
Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points,0.5 for each )
Section A
Directions: In this section there are fifteen sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
16. The temperatures are somewhat lower than the average temperature in May this year.
A. rather B. very C. a little D. less
17. He must not allow this unusual barrier to stop him from fighting against the enemy.
A. interior B. obstacle C. interruption D. interference
18. Next semester, Susan must take three compulsory courses.
A. formal B. voluntary C. practical D. required
19. Should either of these situations occur, wrong control actions might be taken and a potential accident sequence
initiated.
A. imported B. installed C. started D. interviewed
20. Now about half of the women who work in social welfare are part-time, as compared to 38% in the private sector.
A. guarantee B. farewell C. well-off D. well-being
21. It is not clear whether the increase in reports is stemmed from greater human activity or is simply the result of more surveys.
A. flows B. comes C. derives D. originates
22. This is the sort of case in which judges must exercise the arbitrary power described a moment ago.
A. avail B. use C. have D. display
23. Recent studies have posed the question as to whether there is a link between film violence and real violence.
A. supposed B. poised C. aroused D. raised
24. Floods have undermined the foundation of the ancient bridge.
A. weakened B. reached C. spoiled D. covered
25. A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.
A. worried B. neglected C. reduced D. mentioned
26. Some psychologists argue that the traditional idea “spare the rod and spoil the child” is not rational.
A. helpful B. kind C. sensible D. effective
27. Providing first-class service is one of the tactics the airline adopts to attract passengers.
A. methods B. attitudes C. thoughts D. solutions
28. Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends.
A. career B. holiday C. plan D. research
29. The police are trying to get back the stolen statue.
A. detain B. retrieve C. track D. detect
30. Because of adverse weather conditions, the travelers stopped to camp.
A. local B. unfamiliar C. good D. unfavorable
Section B
Directions: In this section there are fifteen incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
31. These last 22 years have really been amazing, every prediction we’ve made about improvements have all ______.
A. come over B. come down C. come along D. come true
32. Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave ______.
A. at the spot B. on the spot C. for the spot D. in the spot
33. Mary succeeded in living ______ her extraordinary reputation.
A. up to B. up C. down D. on
34. Other guests at yesterday’s opening, which was broadcast ______ by the radio station, included the Governor and the Mayor.
A. alive B. live C. lively D. living
35. The manager was told when he was ______ that his was a pressure job.
A. appointed B. pointed C. assigned D. disappointed
36. Her husband is interested in designing electronic ______.
A. management B. safety C. devices D. routine
37. Gestures are an important means to ______ messages.
A. convey B. study C. exploit D. keep
38. ______ preparations were being made for the Prime Minister’s official visit to the four foreign countries.
A. Wise B. Elaborate C. Optional D. Neutral
39. This local evening paper has a ______ of twenty-five thousand.
A. number B. contribution C. circulation D. celebration
40. Susan loves chocolate so much that she can hardly resist its ______.
A. sight B. brand C. variety D. temptation
41. On the local market, ______ fruits and vegetables are now commonly sold.
A. exotic B. enough C. limited D. famous
42. After a few months, the immigrants became ______ to the new environment.
A. confident B. sick C. happy D. accustomed
43. If your ______ lively pets become passive, they might be ill.
A. traditionally B. rarely C. normally D. continually
44. Speech is the ______ ability possessed only by human beings.
A. unique B. average C. collective D. single
45. John seldom drinks coffee because he doesn’t ______ the taste.
A. stand for B. care about C. cope with D. care for
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 25 points)
Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Passage 1
Americans usually consider themselves a friendly people. Their friendships, however, tend to be shorter and more casual than friendships among people from other cultures. It is not uncommon for Americans to have only one close friend during their lifetime, and consider other "friends" to be just social acquaintances. This attitude probably has something to do with American mobility and the fact that Americans do not like to be dependent on other people. They tend to "compartmentalize" （划分） friendships, having "friends at work", "friends on the softball team", "family friends", etc.
Because the United States is a highly active society, full of movement and change, people always seem to be on the go. In this highly charged atmosphere, Americans can sometimes seem brusque (无礼的) or impatient. They want to get to know you as quickly as possible and then move on to something else. Sometimes, early on, they wil1ask you questions that you may feel are very persona1. No insult is intended. the questions usual1y grow out of their genuine interest or curiosity, and their impatience to get to the heart of the matter. And the same goes for you. If you do not understand certain American behavior or you want to know more about them, do not hesitate to ask them questions about themselves. Americans are usually eager to explain all about their country or anything “American" in which you may be interested. So much so in fact that you may become tired of listening. It doesn’t matter because Americans tend to be uncomfortable with silence during a conversation. They would rather talk about the weather or the latest sports scores, for example, than deal with silence.
On the other hand, don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs, unless those subjects directly involve the United States. Because the United States is not surrounded by many other nations, some Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world.
46. The general topic of the passage is ______.
A. American culture B. American society
C. Americans activities D. Americans personality
47. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Americans do not like to depend on other people.
B. Friendships among Americans tend to be casual.
C. Americans know a lot about international affairs.
D. Americans always seem to be on the go.
48. The phrase "highly charged" (paragraph 2) most probably means ______.
A. extremely free B. highly responsible
C. very cheerful D. full of mobility and change
49. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A. Americans want to participate in all kinds of activities
B. Americans character is affected by their social and geographical environments.
C. Americans do not know how to deal with silence
D. Curiosity is characteristic of Americans
50. According to the passage, Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world because ______.
A. they are not interested in other countries
B. they are too proud of themselves
C. their country does not have many neighboring nations
D. they are too busy to learn about other countries
Passage 2
Want a glimpse of the future of health care? Take a look at the way the various networks of people involved in patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exp1oited to deliver medicine to the patient -- no matter where he or she may be.
Online doctors offering advice based on standardized symptoms are the most obvious example. Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis (telemedicine) will be based on real physiological data from the actual patient. A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using an off--the-shelf (现成的) PDA (personal data assistance) such as a Palm Pilot plus a mobile phone, it is perfectly feasible to transmit a patient’s vital signs over the telephone. With this kind of equipment in a first-aid kit (急救包), the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house cou1d well be a thing of the past.
Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster response —especially after earthquakes. Overall, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and expertise.
But there is one problem. Bandwidth is the limiting factor for transmitting complex medical images around the world — CT scans being one of the biggest bandwidth consumers. Communications satellites may be able to cope with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes, wars or famines. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation Internet and third-generation mobile phones for the future of distributed medical intelligence.
Doctors have met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communications, the new technologies should usher in（迎来）an era when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, expert opinion and diagnosis are common.
51. The basis of remote diagnosis will be ______.
A. standardized symptoms of a patient B. personal data assistance
C. transmitted complex medical images D. real physiological data from a patient
52. The sentence "the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past" means ______.
A. now people probably would not ask if there is a doctor in the house
B. patients used to cry and ask if there was a doctor in the house
C. in the past people often cried and asked if there was a doctor in the house
D. patients are now still asking if there is a doctor in the house
53. All the following statements are true EXCEPT that ______.
A. it is now feasible to transmit a patient s vital signs over telephone
B. flood is not among the disasters mentioned in the passage
C. the trend in applying telemedicine is toward providing global access to medical data
D. telemedicine is being used by many medical teams as a tool for disaster response
54. The word "problem" in the fourth paragraph refers to the fact that ______.
A. there are not enough mobile phones for distributing medical intelligence
B. CT scans are one of the biggest bandwidth consumers
C. bandwidth is not adequate to transmit complex medical images around the world
D. communications satellites can only cope with the short-term needs during disasters
55. A proper title for the passage may be ______.
A. Improvement in Communications B. The Online Doctor Is In
C. Application of Telemedicine D. How to Make Remote Diagnosis
Passage 3
Pictures in the British papers this week of Prince William, Prince Charles s 18-year-old son, cleaning toilets overseas, have led to a surge of altruism (利他主义). Raleigh International, the charity that organized his trip, has seen inquiries about voluntary work abroad rise by 30%. But the image of idealistic youth that William presents no longer reflects the reality of the volunteer force. It s getting older and older.
Voluntary Service Overseas (VSO) has about 2000 volunteers in the field around the world. After a dip in interest in the mid-1990s, applications to work abroad are at record levels. Last year 7, 645 people submitted applications, and 920 successfully negotiated the VSO 0selection process and were sent abroad. When the organization was founded in l959, the average volunteer was in his early 20s. Now, the average age is 35, and set to rise further.
Partly, that is because there are more older people who want to do VSO. More people take early retirement. more, says the chief executive of VSO, "still feel that they have more to give and are in good health". And the demands of the African and Asian countries where most of the volunteers go are changing, too. Their educational standards have risen over the past couple of decades, so they want people with more qualifications, skills and experience.
BESO (British Executive Service Overseas) recruits executives and businessmen with at least 15 years’ experience for short-term contract work overseas. It organizes 500 placements (工作安置) a year, and at the moment supply is surpassing demand. A BESO spokesman said that the organization is "limited by funding rather than a lack of volunteers".
Enthusiastic but unqualified students do not impress as much as they once did alongside accountants, managers and doctors. The typical volunteer, these days, has been in full-time employment for at least five years and is highly qualified. And the profession which provides the biggest portion of volunteers is education—headmasters and school inspectors as well as classroom teachers.
56. According to the passage, the volunteers ______.
A. are getting older and older B. are becoming fewer
C. are inexperienced and unqualified D. are mostly students
57. All the statements are true about Prince William EXCEPT that ______.
A. his trip has triggered a surge of altruism
B. his trip was organized by a government institution
C. he presents the image of idealistic youth
D. he is not a representative volunteer in age
58. From the second paragraph we can know that ______.
A. the number of applications to work abroad declined in the mid-1990s
B. the average volunteer now is not much older than forty years ago
C. of those who have submitted applications a majority have been chosen and sent abroad
D. there were more applications to work aboard in the early 1990s than in the late 1990s
59. There are more older people who want to do VSO because ______.
I. more people take early retirement
II. more older people feel they are in good health
III. the foreign countries where the volunteers go want people with more qualifications, skills and experience
A. II only B. I only C. I, II and III D. I and II
60. According to the last paragraph, the typical volunteer now may be ______.
A. an enthusiastic but unqualified young student
B. a highly qualified headmaster or teacher
C. an executive or businessman with at least 15 years’ experience
D. a well-experienced accountant, manager, or doctor
Passage 4
With only about 1 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. That’s a move similar to what a Texas A&.M University researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.
Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A&.M’s College of Veterinary Medicine and a pioneer in embryo（胚胎）transfer work and related procedures, said he salutes the Chinese effort and “I wish them all the best success possible. It’s a worthwhile project, certainly not an easy one, and it’s very much like what we’re attempting here at Texas A&.M — to save animals from extinction”.
Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos, semens（精子）and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Kraemer says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.
It is estimated that as many as 2 000 species of mammals, birds and reptiles will become extinct over the next 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.
This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.
The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
“The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy. It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Missyplicity Project at Texas A&.M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.
“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly applaud their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”
61. The aim of “Noah’s Ark” Project is to ______.
A. salute the Chinese efforts in saving pandas
B. implant embryo into a host animal
C. introduce cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit
D. save endangered animals from extinction
62. How long will the Chinese panda-cloning project take according to the passage?
A. 3 to 5 years. B. 1 year.
C. 25 years. D. 2 years.
63. The word “groundbreaking” (paragraph 7) can be interpreted as ______.
A. pioneering B. essentially new
C. epoch-making D. evolutionary
64. What could be the major problem in cloning pandas according to Professor Kraemer?
A. Lack of host animals. B. Lack of available panda eggs.
C. Lack of funds. D. Lack of qualified researchers.
65. The best title for the passage may be ______.
A. China’s Efforts to Clone Pandas
B. China—the Native Place of Pandas Forever
C. Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas
D. China’s First Cloned Panda
Passage 5
If there is one thing scientists have to hear, it is that the game is over. Raised on the belief of an endless voyage of discovery, they recoil（畏缩）from the suggestion that most of the best things have already been located. If they have, today’s scientists can hope to contribute no more than a few grace notes to the symphony of science.
A book to be published in Britain this week, The End of Science, argues persuasively that this is the case. Its author, John Horgan, is a senior writer for Scientific American magazine, who has interviewed many of today’s leading scientists and science philosophers. The shock of realizing that science might be over came to him, he says, when he was talking to Oxford mathematician and physicist Sir Roger Penrose.
The End of Science provoked a wave of denunciation (谴责) in the United States last year. “The reaction has been one of complete shock and disbelief,” Mr. Horgan says.
The real question is whether any remaining unsolved problems, of which there are plenty, lend themselves to universal solutions. If they do not, then the focus of scientific discovery is already narrowing. Since the triumphs of the 1960s — the genetic code, plate tectonics (板块构造说), and the microwave background radiation that went a long way towards proving the Big Bang — genuine scientific revolutions have been scarce. More scientists are now alive, spending more money on research, that ever. Yet most of the great discoveries of the 19th and 20th centuries were made before the appearance of state sponsorship, when the scientific enterprise was a fraction of its present size.
Were the scientists who made these discoveries brighter than today’s? That seems unlikely. A far more reasonable explanation is that fundamental science has already entered a period of diminished returns. “Look, don’t get me wrong,” says Mr. Horgan. “There are lots of important things still to study, and applied science and engineering can go on for ever. I hope we get a cure for cancer, and for mental disease, though there are few real signs of progress.”
66. The sentence “most of the best things have already been located” could mean ______.
A. most of the best things have already been changed
B. most of the best things remain to be changed
C. there have never been so many best things waiting to be discovered
D. most secrets of the world have already been discovered
67. John Horgan ______.
I. has published a book entitled The End of Science
II. has been working as an editor of Scientific American
III. has been working many years as a literary critic
IV. is working as a science writer
A. I and II B. I only
C. I and IV D. I, II and IV
68. There have not been many genuine scientific revolutions in the past few decades because ______.
A. there have been decreased returns in the research of fundamental science
B. there are too many important things for scientists to study
C. applied science and engineering take up too much time and energy
D. today’s scientists are not as intelligent as those in the past
69. The term “the Big Bang” probably refers to ______.
A. the genetic code theory B. a geological theory
C. a theory of the origin of the universe D. the origin and the power of atomic energy
70. The best title of this passage can be ______.
A. Great Scientific Discoveries Will Never Be Possible
B. The Harsh Challenge Has to Be Met by Modern Scientists
C. The State Sponsorship and Scientific Enterprise Are All in Vain
D. The Chance for Great Scientific Discoveries Becomes Scarce
Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: In this part, there is a passage with twenty blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
There is virtually no limit to how one can serve community interests, from spending a few hours a week with some charitable organization to practically fulltime work for a social agency. Just as there are opportunities for voluntary service 71 (VSO) for young people before they take up full-time employment, 72 there are opportunities for overseas service for 73 technicians in developing countries. Some people, 74 those who retire early, 75 their technical and business skills in countries 76 there is a special need.
So in considering voluntary or 77 community service there are more opportunities than there 78 were when one first began work. Most voluntary organizations have only a small fulltime 79 , and depend very much on volunteers and part-timers. This means that working relationships are different from those in commercial organizations, and values may be different. 80 some ways they may seem more casual and less efficient, but one should not 81 them by commercial criteria. The people who work with them do so for different reasons and with different 82 , both personal and 83 . One should not join them 84 to arm them with professional expertise. they must be joined with commitment to the 85 , not business efficiency. Because salaries are 86 or non-existent many voluntary bodies offer modest expenses. But many retired people take part in community service for 87 , simply because they enjoy the work.
Many community activities possible 88 retirement were also possible during one’s working life but they are to be undertaken 89 seriously for that. Retired people who are just looking for something different or unusual to do should not consider 90 community service.
71. A. oversea B. over sea C. over seas D. overseas
72. A. as B. so C. then D. that
73. A. quantity B. qualifying C. quality D. qualified
74. A. partially B. partly C. particularly D. passionately
75. A. order B. operate C. offer D. occupy
76. A. which B. where C. as D. that
77. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. pay
78. A. before B. lately C. never D. ever
79. A. team B. number C. staff D. crowd
80. A. In B. By C. With D. Through
81. A. look at B. comment C. enjoy D. judge
82. A. subjective B. subject C. objectives D. objects
83. A. organization B. organizational C. organized D. organizing
84. A. expecting B. to expect C. being expected D. expected
85. A. course B. cause C. case D. caution
86. A. little B. small C. large D. big
87. A. free B. freedom C. money D. something
88. A. before B. on C. in D. at
89. A. much B. very much C. no more D. no less
90. A. to be taken B. to take C. taking D. being taken
Paper Two 试卷二（60 minutes）
Part I Error Detection and Correction (10 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect. Then, write down the corresponding letter and, without altering the meaning of the sentence, put the correction on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. The warm winter helped dry out alive trees and bushes, as well as the dead needles,
A B C
leaves and limbs on the ground beneath the trees.
D
2. Researchers believe one way to minimizing the damage is to get better at predicting the A B C D
risk of fire.
3. Indications that the moon underwent a heavy bombardment（撞击）date back the early
A B C D
1970s.
4. Alongside these technical skills we need to extend and refine our social skills. The basis A B
of this is to avoid any sense of be a special category of person.
C D
5. There is never any need to feel shameless or even childish in wanting to move on to new A B C D
experiences.
6. Only occasionally one could take a break out of season, getting the best bargains—
A B C
though not necessarily the best weather.
D
7. Some people choose to go on cruises as a way of rewarding themselves. Certainly if you A
have plenty of money this can be a good idea, though it may not turn off quite as expected.
B C D
8. Overseas travel sounds excited and sometimes exotic but not everyone can afford it.
A B C D
9. Many of the ships went down with valuable treasure. but none of them has made
A B
great treasure tales. As a good wine, treasure is improved by age.
C D
10. A lot of urban people come into the country and suddenly become terrible
A B C
concerned about its appearance and what the farmer is doing.
D
Part II Translation (20 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
过去50年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。从1900年到1950年，改变人类生活的发明有汽车、飞机、电话、收音机、电视机——当然还有核武器和计算机。而近50年来，只有为数不多的发明。难道发明的源泉已经枯竭了吗？答案并非如此。事实上，发明的新时代刚刚开始。
Part III Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: For this part, you are to write a composition of 120~150 words on the following topic:
The Greatest Invention in the Past Century
In your composition, you should clearly state your opinion and give reasons to support your argument. Write your composition on the ANSWER SHEET.