汉译英的技巧
1、分清主从:
复合句中,有两个甚至两个以上的谓语动词,要分清哪个是主句的动词。
例1:你和我们耍花招没用。
It’s no use you trying your tricks on us.
例2:下次会议讨论我们是否接受他的建议。
It will be discussed at next meeting whether we should accept his offer or not.
例3:我想他插上话并不难,因为那些喜欢饶舌头的人都不在。
I think it difficult for him to get a word in edgeways, because all the chatterboxes are not here.
例4:直到几天以后,我才发现被那个小贩骗了。
He was not until several days later that I realized I was taken in by that vendor.
2、选词用字:
要根据不同的语境来选择词汇,不要千篇一律。
例1:情况不明。
The situation is not clear.
例2:这种情况必须改变。
This state of affairs must change.
例3:我明天来看你。
I’ll call on you tomorrow.
例4:看,哪儿有一只猫。
Look, there is a cat.
例5:我看见房子边有一只猫,你看见了吗?
I see a cat beside the house, and you?
3、词的增补:
例1:见到你真是太好了。
It’s wonderful seeing you.
例2:在非常复杂的政治局面中犯一些错误是很自然的。
It’s quite natural making mistakes in a very complicated political situation.
4、词的省略:
例1:我提前完成了任务,他也提前完成了。
I’ve finished my task ahead of schedule, so has he.
例2:他的脸晒得很黑,他的双手大而有力。
His face is tanned and his hands big and strong.
例3:我不想去,但是如果他们希望我去,我就去。
I don’t want to go, but I’ll go if they wish me to.
5、词类转换:
例1:一定要少说空话,多做工作。
There must be less empty talk and more hard work.
例2:语言这东西不是随便可以学好的,非下苦功不可。
The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking effort.
例3:不要乱丢果皮纸屑。
No litter, please!
例4:真奇怪,她不辞而别了。
I felt curious that she lift without saying good-bye.
6、词序调整
例1:为了我们过上幸福的生活,英雄们献出了自己的生命。
The heroes gave their lives so that we might live a happy life.
例2:无论时间早晚,我们必须在回家前干完工作。
We must finish the work before we go home, whether it be early or late.
例3:如果要排成一寸长就需要大约一亿二千五百万个水分子。
It would take about 125 million of molecules of water to form a row an inch long.
例4:她昨天坐火车去了上海。
She went to Shanghai by train yesterday.