It is unwise of them to turn down the proposal. 他们拒绝这个建议很不明智。 It is generous of you to stay us for the night. 难为你这么慷慨留我们过夜。 It is a great honor for us to attend this rally. 我们很荣幸参加这个大会。 It is very dangerous for children to swim in the reservoir. 孩子们在水库里游泳很危险。
② 动名词的逻辑主语是在动名词前用名词或代词来表现的。在句首时一般要使用所有格,在句中一般使用其通格。例如:
Mary’s grunting continuously annoyed her husband, and her mother’s staying with them was the last straw. 玛丽的不断唠叨已经使她丈夫很烦,她母亲来和他们一块住更使他们的关系雪上加霜。 Xiao Li’s being late for school upset the teacher. 小李的迟到让老师很恼火。 Our sole worry is (you) your relying on youself too much. 我们唯一的担心是你这个人太相信自己了。 They insisted (Xiao Wang) Xiao Wang’s going with them together. 他们坚持要小王和他们一块走。
③ 分词的逻辑主语有两种:一是悬垂分词的逻辑主语,其二是独立主格结构的逻辑主语。在悬垂结构中,分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语,如果两者不能构成逻辑上的一致关系则该句结构是错误的.如:
Seen from the space, the earth look like a blue ball. 从太空看起来,地球像个兰色的球体。 这个悬垂结构seen from the space = when the earth is seen, … Laughing and chatting, the puples left school for home. 孩子们说说笑笑回家去了。 同上述结构一样,Laughing and chatting = the pupils were laughing and chatting, …
So many comrades being absent, the meeting had to be put off. 这么多同志都缺席了,所以会议只得延期。 We all went home, he remaining behind. 我们都回家了,只有他留在后面。 Weather permitting, we will go for an outing next week. 如果天气许可,我们下周去郊游。 The class (being) over, the teacher dismissed the students. 下课了,老师把学生打发走了。 The job done, we all went home. 工作完成之后,我们就都回家去了。 With the tree grown tall, we get more shade. 岁着树的不断长高,树阴也越来越浓密了。 Everything taken into consideration, this plan seems to be more feasible. 把一切考虑在内,这个计划看起来可行。 They worked throughout the night with the lamp lighted. 他们挑灯夜战。
2)宾语
第一类是有些动词之后面只能使用动名词做宾语。这些动词有:admit(承认),acknowledge, appreciate(感激), avoid, consider, contemplate, delay, deny, detest, endure, enjoy, excuse, evade, face, finish, facilitate, fancy, favor, forgive, can’t help, imagine, include, involve, mention, mind, miss, postpone, practise, pardon, resent, resist, require, risk, stand, suggest, understand, be worth, feel like, can’t stand, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent … (from), keep … from, stop …(from, protect … from, set about, be engaged in, spend … (in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like等等。如:
They haven’t finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。 He is considering changing a job. 他正在考虑换个工作。