2008年曹其军考研英语阅读理解StepbyStep(3)

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:04:02 11:44:51
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

Text 2

　　You probably already know that a viselike pressure in the chest is the most common physical sign of a heart attack. You may even be aware that the body sometimes “has” the pain of a heart attack, sending to the neck, jaw or arms. But do you know the second, third or fourth most common sign of a heart attack? You should. According to a study in Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), recognizing the less common signs of a heart attack could save your life or that of someone you love.
来源：www.examda.com
　　Speed makes a difference. Heartattack victims who dont experience chest pain typically put off going to the hospital—by an average of two hours, the JAMA study found. When these patients finally show up at the emergency room, it often takes doctors longer to make the right diagnosis. Their heart isnt getting potentially lifesaving treatment with clotbusting drugs, or emergency angioplasty. 1) These delays help explain why a heartattack patient who doesnt experience chest pains is twice as likely to die at the hospital as someone who does.

　　2) By studying a computerized data of more than 430,000 people who suffered heart attacks across the U. S., it was determined that there are six major risk factors that increase the chances that any heart attack you suffer will be atypical. These six risk factors include: having a weak heart (from congestive heart disease), diabetes or a history of stroke . being 65 or older, female or from a minority group. The increased risk is cumulative: If a 75yearold black woman has a heart attack, her chances of experiencing chest pain are less than 50%.

　　3) Apparently diabetics feel less pain because of nerve damage caused by their condition, but no one knows why women or the elderly are more likely to suffer painless heart attacks.

　　So what, besides chest pain, should you watch for? Probably the next biggest tipoff is extreme shortness of breath. Indeed, many cardiologists consider difficulty breathing to be as good an indicator of a possible heart attack as chest pain. Other less specific signs include nausea, profuse sweating and fainting. Some heartattack victims describe a sudden, overwhelming sense of doom or feel pain under their scapula.

　　Be particularly suspicious of any “heartburn” that gets worse if you walk around or otherwise exert yourself physically. Dont try to drive yourself to the hospital. Call an ambulance. Then, if you think of it, chew on an aspirin. 325 mg is the recommended dose, and chewing gets the drug into the bloodstream faster. A single tablet can stave off some of the damage. Above all, dont tell yourself, “I cant be having a heart attack, I’m not feeling any chest pains. ” Let a doctor make the final call.

1 According to the first paragraph, the common signs of a heart attack does NOT include
［A］ a great pressure in the chest.来源：www.examda.com
［B］ certain chest pain.
［C］ serious headache.
［D］ spreading neck pain.

2 What does “Speed makes a difference” (Para. 2) mean?
［A］ Haste can help distinguish between heart attacks and other diseases.
［B］ Speed can help save the patient’s life when suffering a heart attack.
［C］ Doctors should make the right diagnosis with high speed.
［D］ Patients should adopt different speeds to go to hospital.

3 Which of the following will experience the least chest pain when having a heart attack?
［A］ A 67yearold man who has a history of stroke for 5 years.
［B］ A 30yearold lady who is always sweating and fainting.
［C］ A 67yearold black woman who has diabetes since her birth.
［D］ A 40yearold sportsman who suffers arms pain very often.

4 We can infer from the text that
［A］ diabetics will feel less chest pain because their nerves are hurt by their heart attack.
［B］ people are clear about why ladies or the elderly suffer less chest pain in a heart attack.
［C］ many common signs should be taken seriously when suffering a heart attack.
［D］ extreme shortness of breath is as good a sign of a possible heart attack as chest pain.

5 Which of the following measures can a person take if he suffers a heart attack?
［A］ Take an aspirin down with water.
［B］ Attempt to drive himself to the hospital.
［C］ Help himself to be a little optimistic.
［D］ Take it seriously and call an ambulance.

难句突破来源：www.examda.com

1These delays help explain why a heartattack patient who doesn’t experience chest pains is twice as likely to die at the hospital as someone who does.
【解析】本句话的主干是“These delays help explain...”。why引导的是宾语从句，其中的第一个who引导的定语从句修饰people，as ... as引导的是比较状语从句，第二个who引导的定语从句修饰someone。

2．By studying a computerized data of more than 430,000 people who suffered heart attacks across the U. S., it was determined that there are six major risk factors that increase the chances that any heart attack you suffer will be atypical.
【解析】本句话的主干是“it was determined that...”。By studying...短语作方式状语，其中的who引导的定语从句修饰people；it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的第一个that引导的从句，第二个that引导的定语从句修饰factors，第三个that引导的定语从句修饰chances，其中的you suffer是一个省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰heart attack。atypical应译成“非典型的”。

3．Apparently diabetics feel less pain because of nerve damage caused by their condition, but no one knows why women or the elderly are more likely to suffer painless heart attacks.
【解析】本句话的主干是“no one knows why...”。but前面的句子表示让步，其中的caused by their condition修饰damage；why引导的是宾语从句。diabetic应译成“糖尿病患者”。