Oracle里常用命令

文章作者 100test 发表时间 2007:03:14 13:40:11
来源 100Test.Com百考试题网

第一章：日志管理

1.forcing log switches

sql> alter system switch logfile.

2.forcing checkpoints

sql> alter system checkpoint.

3.adding online redo log groups

sql> alter database add logfile [group 4]

sql> (’/disk3/log4a.rdo’,’/disk4/log4b.rdo’) size 1m.

4.adding online redo log members

sql> alter database add logfile member

sql> ’/disk3/log1b.rdo’ to group 1,

sql> ’/disk4/log2b.rdo’ to group 2.

5.changes the name of the online redo logfile

sql> alter database rename file ’c:/oracle/oradata/oradb/redo01.log’

sql> to ’c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log’.

6.0drop online redo log groups

sql> alter database 0drop logfile group 3.

7.0drop online redo log members

sql> alter database 0drop logfile member ’c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log’.

8.clearing online redo log files

sql> alter database clear [unarchived] logfile ’c:/oracle/log2a.rdo’.

9.using logminer analyzing redo logfiles

a. in the init.ora specify utl_file_dir = ’ ’

b. sql> execute dbms_logmnr_d.build(’oradb.ora’,’c:/oracle/oradb/log’).

c. sql> execute dbms_logmnr_add_logfile(’c:/oracle/oradata/oradb/redo01.log’,

sql> dbms_logmnr.new).

d. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(’c:/oracle/oradata/oradb/redo02.log’,

sql> dbms_logmnr.addfile).

e. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(dictfilename=>’c:/oracle/oradb/log/oradb.ora’).

f. sql> 0select * from v$logmnr_contents(v$logmnr_dictionary,v$logmnr_parameters

sql> v$logmnr_logs).

g. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr.

第二章：表空间管理

1.create tablespaces

sql> create tablespace tablespace_name datafile ’c:/oracle/oradata/file1.dbf’ size 100m,

sql> ’c:/oracle/oradata/file2.dbf’ size 100m minimum extent 550k [logging/nologging]

sql> default storage (initial 500k next 500k maxextents 500 pctinccease 0)

sql> [online/offline] [permanent/temporary] [extent_management_clause]

2.locally managed tablespace

sql> create tablespace user_data datafile ’c:/oracle/oradata/user_data01.dbf’

sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m.

3.temporary tablespace

sql> create temporary tablespace temp tempfile ’c:/oracle/oradata/temp01.dbf’

sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m.

4.change the storage setting

sql> alter tablespace app_data minimum extent 2m.

sql> alter tablespace app_data default storage(initial 2m next 2m maxextents 999).

5.taking tablespace offline or online

sql> alter tablespace app_data offline.

sql> alter tablespace app_data online.

6.read_only tablespace

sql> alter tablespace app_data read only|write.

7.0droping tablespace

sql> 0drop tablespace app_data including contents.

8.enableing automatic extension of data files

sql> alter tablespace app_data add datafile ’c:/oracle/oradata/app_data01.dbf’ size 200m

sql> autoextend on next 10m maxsize 500m.

9.change the size fo data files manually

sql> alter database datafile ’c:/oracle/oradata/app_data.dbf’ resize 200m.

10.moving data files: alter tablespace

sql> alter tablespace app_data rename datafile ’c:/oracle/oradata/app_data.dbf’

sql> to ’c:/oracle/app_data.dbf’.

11.moving data files:alter database

sql> alter database rename file ’c:/oracle/oradata/app_data.dbf’

sql> to ’c:/oracle/app_data.dbf’.

第三章：表

1.create a table

sql> create table table_name (column datatype,column datatype]....)

sql> tablespace tablespace_name [pctfree integer] [pctused integer]

sql> [initrans integer] [maxtrans integer]

sql> storage(initial 200k next 200k pctincrease 0 maxextents 50)

sql> [logging|nologging] [cache|nocache]

2.copy an existing table

sql> create table table_name [logging|nologging] as subquery

3.create temporary table

sql> create global temporary table xay_temp as 0select * from xay.

on commit preserve rows/on commit 0delete rows

4.pctfree = (average row size - initial row size) *100 /average row size

pctused = 100-pctfree- (average row size*100/available data space)

5.change storage and block utilization parameter

sql> alter table table_name pctfree=30 pctused=50 storage(next 500k

sql> minextents 2 maxextents 100).

6.manually allocating extents

sql> alter table table_name allocate extent(size 500k datafile ’c:/oracle/data.dbf’).

7.move tablespace

sql> alter table employee move tablespace users.

8.deallocate of unused space

sql> alter table table_name deallocate unused [keep integer]

9.truncate a table

sql> truncate table table_name.

10.0drop a table

sql> 0drop table table_name [cascade constraints].

11.0drop a column

sql> alter table table_name 0drop column comments cascade constraints checkpoint 1000.

alter table table_name 0drop columns continue.

12.mark a column as unused

sql> alter table table_name set unused column comments cascade constraints.

alter table table_name 0drop unused columns checkpoint 1000.

alter table orders 0drop columns continue checkpoint 1000

data_dictionary : dba_unused_col_tabs