When some nineteenthcentury New Yorkers said “Harlem”, they meant almost all of Manhattan above Eighty-sixth Street. Toward the end of the century, however, a group of citizens in upper Manhattanwant perhaps, to shape a closer 1._________ and more precise sense of community—designated a section that they wished to have known as Harlem. The chosen area was the Harlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the 2.________ new century as they left their old settlements on the middle and lower blocks of the West Side. As the community became predominantly Black, the very word“Harlem” seemed to lose its old meaning. At time it was 3.________ easy to forget that “Harlem”was originally the Dutch name “Harlem”. the community it described had been founded by 4.________ people from Holland；and that for most of its three centuries—it was first settled in the sixteen hundreds—it had been preoccupied 5.________ by White New Yorkers. “Harlem”became synonymous to 6.________ Black life and Black style in Manhattan. Blacks living there used the word as though they had coined it on themselves—not 7.________ only to designate their area of residence but to express their ense of the various qualities of its life and atmosphere. As the years passed, “Harlem”asserted an even larger meaning. In 8.________ the words of Adam Clayton Powell, Sr., the pastor of the Abyssinian Baptist Church, Harlem “became the symbol of liberty and the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere”. By 1919 Harlem"s population had grown by several thousand. It had received its share of wartime migration from the South, the Caribbean, and parts of colonial Africa. Some of the new arrivals merely lived for Harlem. it was New York they had 9.________ come to, looking for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunities of life in the city. To others who migrated to Harlem, New York was merely the city in which they found themselves: Harlem was exactly what they wished to be. 10.________
1. want→ wanting 该句的谓语动词在破折号之后，即“designate”，因此有必要将前一动词变成分词形式。 2. Harlem ∧ which → to 黑人们搬进了Harlem，因此这里Harlem是先行词，关系代词应当表示地点，即可以是where，也可以是“介词 which”的形式。 3. time → times “at a time”是“一次”的意思，而“at times”是“时而，偶尔”的意思。 4.Harlem. ∧ the community → that “forget”后面引导的是三个宾语从句，在这种情况下，“that”通常不能省略。 5.preoccupied → occupied “be preoccupied with sth.”指“忙于某事”。“occupy”是“占领”之意。 6．to → with “by synonymous with”是“与……等同”“与……意义相同”的意思,与synonymous搭配的是介词with。 7.on → ／ “by themselves”或“on their own”都表示“他们自己”的意思，“coin”是“创造”之意。 8.asserted → assumed “assert”是“肯定，断定”，“assume”指开始具有某种(品质或形象等)，强调的是一个从无到有的发展过程。 9.for → in 由下文“it was New York they had come to”可知这些人并非是为Harlem而活着，因为他们的目标是整个纽约城，他们只是居住在Harlem罢了。 10.what → where 本段中Harlem还是作为一个地区名存在，相关的思想意义并不多。