词汇(Vocabulary)是四级阅读理解测试中非常重要的一项。词汇类其实也是就细节进行提问,所不同的是这是唯一关于词或词组的练习项目,词汇题往往要求对文章中的某个单词、短语甚至句子等找出近义词或最合适的解释。解答这类题需要学生拥有较大的词汇量。可是,单词记忆似乎已成为学生普遍反映最头痛的难题。阅读理解中词汇类问题的常见提问方式有下列几种: (1)According to the author ,the word "…"means_______. (2)Which of the following is nearest in meaning to "…"? (3)The term ".."in paragraph… can be best replaced by …. (4)What s the meaning of "…"in line …of paragraph….? (5)As used in the line …, the word "…"refers to _______.
Jogging has become very popular in some countries ,It is believed to be a good exercise for old people . "Jogging"的意思通过"a good exercise for old people "可以推断出是一种适合老年人的剧烈的运动方式。
2. 利用文章中词与词的同义和反义关系猜测词义
Example :
If you happened to be sitting in the woods outside the city ,you might have witnessed a strange sight . You would have seen a very proud looking man riding along horseback , saying something 在文章中可以很容易地判断出"witnesss"的同义关系词是"seen",因此"witness"就是看见的意思。
Example :
In the northern regions the winters are generally cold and humid ,and the summers hot and dry . 显然,冬天和夏天的气候是截然相反的,它们的修饰词的意思也应该截然相反。"cold"与"hot"对应,"humid"与"dry"对应。因此,"humid"是"潮湿" 意思。