PP Test 1 语法题笔记Test 1 1~143 1. Most doctors of the Colonial period believed _______ was caused by an imbalance of humors in the body. A. in disease B. that disease C. of disease D. about disease
2. In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became _________ at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City. A. she was the first woman to conduct B. the first woman conductor C. the woman was first conducting D. the woman conducts first
答案:B 分析:缺宾语,答案中只有B,D可以作宾语,但D的语序不对。 参考译文:1976,Sarah Caldwell成为在第一个在纽约Metropolitan Opera House演出的演奏家。 补充: 常考 the first/second/… one to do sth
3. On January 7, 1955, Marian Anderson became _________ to sing a major role at New York City’s Metropolitan Opera House. A. the first African American B. the first African American was C. she was the first African American D. when the first African American
答案:A 分析:缺宾语,C, D都不能作宾语。一句话中只能有一个谓语,而B中有was,句中出现两个谓语,一定错。 参考译文:1955年1月7号,Marian Anderson成为在第一个在纽约Metropolitan Opera House担任主唱的美籍黑人。
4. Perhaps the most significant postwar trend was the decentralization of cities throughout the United States, _________ when massive highway-building programs permitted greater suburban growth. A. and accelerated a phenomenon B. a phenomenon that accelerated C. accelerating a phenomenon which, D. the acceleration of which phenomenon
答案:B 分析:考的是同位语结构,a phenomenon是 the decentralization of cities throughout the United States 的同位语。A中and为conj.,后面应该连接一个完整的句子,但缺主语,错;C中语序混乱,错; D中of which作为介词宾语,后面应该接一个完整句,但只有一个phenomenon主语,句子不完整,错。 参考译文:可能战后最重大的趋势就是美国城市的分散化,当大规模高速公路建设项目容许了更大程度的发展郊区,这个现象更被促进了。 补充: accelerate/ accomplish/ achieve/ evolve都可以是vi.不接宾语
5. Ronald Reagan had served two terms as governor of California before _________ President. A. he became B. when becoming C. became D. did he become
6. _________, domesticated grapes grow in clusters, range in color from pale green to black, and contain sugar in varying quantities. A. Their botanical classification as berries B. Although their botanical classification as berries C. Because berries being their botanical classification D. Classified botanically as berries
答案:D 分析:句子的主语是grapes , 后面是平行结构grow…, range…, and contain…。空格后的句子已完整,那么空格处就应该是同位语,状语从句,分词等修饰成分。A中Their指代不明,而且classification和berries也不相符,错;B中Although为conj.,后面应该是完整句,错;C中Because为conj.,后面应该是完整句,错。 参考译文:培植的葡萄的植物分类跟浆果是一样的,它们成串的长在树上,颜色从灰白色到黑色,并且包含由不同数量的糖份。
7. The cymbal is ________ in the military band and is also frequently used in modern orchestral music. A. a basic instrument B. basic instrument C. how basic an instrument it is D. as an instrument is basic
8. In instrumentalist philosophy, ideas and knowledge are exclusively functional processes: they are of significance only _________ instrumental in the development of experience. A. as they are B. are they C. there are D. are
9. _________ either by cooling or by depriving the fire of oxygen, and most do both. A. Working fire extinguishers B. Fire extinguishers that work C. Fire extinguishers work D. The work of fire extinguishers
10. The introduction of mass-production methods enabled many people _________ and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility. A. to purchase their own automobiles B. their own to purchase automobiles C. to their own purchase automobiles D. own their automobiles to purchase
答案:A 分析:为固定结构enable sb to do sth. 参考译文:规模生产方法的产生,使得人们能够买自己的车,并获得了空前的灵活性。
11. Frances Perkins, _________ of the United States cabinet, served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945. A. the first female member B. was the first female member C. the first female member who D. of whom the first female member
12. When _________ to dough and heated, carbon dioxide is released, causing the dough to rise. A. is added baking powder B. added baking powder is C. is baking powder added D. baking powder is added
13. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in succeeding generations, geneticists use the theory of probability. A. The calculation of B. To calculate C. Is calculating D. Calculated
14. Big-band jazz relies on fixed arrangements, where _________ than one instrument playing some of the parts, rather than on improvisation. A. is more B. whenever more C. there is more D. more
15. Because of _________ diversity, seven separate groupings or divisions of algae have been established by botanists. A. them B. so that C. those D. their
答案:D 分析:those是泛指,这里应该用their来特指seven separate groupings or divisions of algae。 参考译文:因为海藻们的不同特性,植物学家把他们分成7个不同的组别或分支。
16. Chromosomes are regarded today as the major carriers of genetic material, _________ of DNA and various types of protein. A. consisting B. as to consist C. consist D. which consisting
17. The leopard seal is the only pinniped _________ preys on penguins and other seals. A. that normally B. of which it normally C. normally D. that it normally
18. _________ “nova” means new, novas are actually stars that have existed for a long time and suddenly flare into brilliance. A. That B. Why C. Although D. It is
19. Because Mars is farther from the Sun than _________, Mars takes longer to complete a revolution. A. Earth is B. is from Earth C. what is Earth D. is it Earth
答案:A 分析:比较结构的对称性:Mars is farther …… than Earth is,is后省略了from the Sun 参考译文:因为火星比地球离太阳要远,火星绕太阳转一圈的时间要比地球长。
20. A social system is _________ of social relations that draws the behavior of its members toward the core values of the group. A. a complex network B. how a complex network C. a complex network and D. a network that is complex
21. Bubbles, flaws, and other irregularities diffuse the light that passes through stained glass, _________ the glass sparkle. A. which making B. and making C. making D. to making
22. Fog is common near _________ inland bodies of water and along coasts in temperate zones. A. there are large B. large C. either large D. where large
24. _______ by the United States government’s Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Consumer Price Index compares current costs of goods and services with past costs. A. To prepare B. As it prepared C. When preparation D. Prepared
25. _________ carries the genes, which determine the hereditary characteristics of the cell or organism. A. The chromosome B. The chromosome that C. Whereas the chromosome D. There is a chromosome
26. _________ directly with most metals to form compounds called carbides. A. Carbon reacting B. Carbon reacts C. The reaction of carbon D. When carbon reacts
答案:B 分析:从句意来看,called在这里不是谓语动词,而是分词做后置定语:…… which are called carbides.空格中缺主语和谓语,选B。 参考译文:碳直接跟大部分金属反应而形成碳化物的化合物。
27. Meteorites are slowed down by Earth’s atmosphere, but if they are moving _________, they can form a crater on impact. A. enough fast B. fast enough C. so fast enough D enough are fast
28. Located at the upper end of each________ an adrenal gland, an integral part of the endocrine system. A. kidney which is B. kidney is C. kidney being D. kidney
答案:B 分析:该句为简单句,而且使用了倒装形式,原句为:An adrenal gland, an integral part of the endocrine system is located at the upper end of each kidney. 参考译文:肾上腺是内分泌系统的一个完整的部分,它位于肾的上端。
29. About 75 percent of all cadmium is used for cadmium plating of _________ such as iron and steel. A. easily corroded metals B. metals are easily corroded C. corroded metals that easily D. how easily metals corroded
30. An atom is a basic structural unit of matter, the smallest particle of an element _________ into chemical combination. A. that can enter B. can it enter C. when entering it can D. that enters can
答案:A 分析:that引导定语从句,element为先行词。the smallest particle of an element 是 a basic structural unit of matter的宾语同位语。 参考译文:原子是物体的基本结构单元,是元素形成化学组合特性的最小的颗粒。
31. All the major cities of the United States, ________ the cities of the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico, began as centers of trade. A. and to include B. which including C. included D. including