•. Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies 1 low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them 2 and active. When the work is well done, a 3 of accident-free operations is established 4 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum. •. Successful safety programs may 5 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by 6 rules or regulations. 7 others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained. •. There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial stand-point alone, safety 8 . The fewer the injury 9 , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at 10 or at a loss. •.1. [A] at [B] in [C] on [D]with 2. [A] alive [B] vivid [C] mobile [D] diverse 3. [A] regulation [B] climate [C] circumstance [D] requirement 4. [A] where [B] how [C] what [D] unless 5. [A] alter [B] differ [C] shift [D] distinguish 6. [A] constituting [B] aggravating [C] observing [D] justifying •.7. [A] Some [B] Many [C] Even [D] Still 8. [A] comes off [B] turns up [C] pays off [D] holds up 9. [A] claims [B] reports [C] declarations [D] proclamations 10. [A] an advantage [B] a benefit [C] an interest [D] a profit •.浏览全篇我们知道, 文章讨论了生产安全和企业经营的关系。 •.首段指出了安全计划实施的好可以创造安全的生产氛围，减少伤害造成的时间损失。 •.第二段指出成功的安全计划侧重点各不相同，然后以举例展开说明。 •.第三段阐述了安全计划的经济价值。 II. 考生容易出现的问题 •.考生容易出现的问题的主要有两方面，一是词汇基础差，尤其是近义词辨析能力弱、固定搭配不清楚。二是对文章缺乏整体理解，只见树木不见森林。下面就这两方面作一点说明。 •. •.1． 词汇量的扩大和语法的学习 •.语法和词汇在英语学习中好比砖瓦在建造房屋中的作用，是基础性的。没有这样的基础，听说读写都是空谈。完形填空中直接或间接地考查语法词汇知识的题目占了大部分。所以掌握足够的词汇和基本语法知识是做好完型填空题的保证。那么，怎样扩大词汇量、掌握好语法知识呢？ •.1.1 强记法 •.说到扩大词汇量，许多人可能首先会想到手捧大纲词汇表或怀抱大字典苦读硬背的情形。强记不失为一种学习单词的方法，尤其是需要短期内快速提高词汇量的时候。但强记也要讲方法。词汇表或字典中的词均须定期复习，开始频率高，比如一周复习三次，以后一周一次，半个月一次，直至完全记住。每次复习可将其中未记住的词抄下来集中背诵，如此重复，使词汇表、字典或笔记上的内容越来越少，复习效率提高。 •.当然，采用强记方法学单词比较单调枯燥，对大多数人来说是件很苦的事情，更麻烦的是“记得快忘得也快”，而且毫不容易记住的意思在实际应用时往往对不上。有的人学单词只记汉语意思，至于词性、习惯搭配、用法和发音一概不管，到了应用时错误百出，出现类似I against him. She waited me. The boy is very healthful. 的问题。有鉴于此，我们认为在非万不得已的情况下，单纯依赖强记法学单词不可取，这是件危险的事，因为这种方法一方面记得快忘得快，另一方面，没有忘掉却又未正确掌握的那些词经过多次重复，将根深蒂固，难以纠正！因此强记法要配合其他方法才能取得满意的效果。 •.1.2 语义归纳法 •.我们知道，不论是词汇表还是字典，其排列规律一般是英文字母顺序。这对于我们记忆来说没有多大帮助。但是，如果把词汇表的排列适当地变化一下，情况就大不一样了。比如可以把那些词义相近、属于同一范畴的词放在一起。以表示“走”概念的词为例：walk (行走), creep (潜行), tiptoe (踮着脚走), edge (缓缓移动), limp (跛行), shuffle (拖着脚走), trudge (), trot (小跑), pace (踱步), stagger (蹒跚), toddle (幼儿蹒跚学步), stroll (漫步), stride (大步走)等。将其进行比较，便于记起一个想起一串，又能在日后使用中避免混淆，使得描写准确、生动形象。类似的可以将大纲中的反义词归类、上义词与下义分类。这样既符合记忆规律又利于在实际使用中区别用法。 •.英语词汇中类属现象普遍，一个范畴里有很多同类词汇，便于将其归类为属于某个一般性词的具体词。 •.Plant: •. tree, bush, vegetable, flower, fruit •.Vegetable: •. cabbage, turnip, carrots, onions, garlic, •. potatoes, cucumber, lettuce, cauliflower, •. pepper，broccoli, eggplant, mushrooms, •. tomatoes •.Break: smash, crack, crash, crush 如此，可以归类出许多。当我们写作中需要对某个话题展开具体论述、对某个事情加以详细描述时，就可以选用相应的具体词，而不再为无话可说、语言枯燥烦恼。 •.1.3 构词法 •.1) 合成： icebox = ice box •.2) 缩略：ad. = advertisement •.3) 混合：smog = smoke fog, motel = •. motor hotel, brunch = breakfast lunch •.4) 派生：incredible = in cred ible (词缀 词根)